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A tangent is a line that just touches a circle in a single point.An arc is any segment of circle that is not a semicircle.A chord is any line that connects two points on a circle, without passing through the center.A radius is any line that connects the center of a circle to its circumference (practically speaking, this is our compass opening when drawing a circle).A diameter is any line that connects two points on a circle and passes through the center.A circle is the simplest geometric shape, a closed curve where all points are the same distance from the center.You are probably already familiar with several of them. To begin with, let us define a few terms that will come up regularly in these lessons.

Then we will move on to patterns and moreĮlaborate constructions, and the last few lessons will tackle trulyĬomplex, but rewarding, works of geometry. We will start with the building blocks of geometry, mastering simple constructionsĭuring the first few lessons. Nothingness of a sheet of paper, as we are going to do in these tutorials. Satisfying, even meditative, to slowly draw them out of the white There is no need, however, for special software toĬreate highly complex geometric designs, and it is in fact deeply The fascination with geometry and mathematical patterns is reemerging today: we can see it in the growing popularity of fractal art. Tessellated pattern in the Alhambra, Spain. Geometry was understood as being one step closer to the zero-dimensional, unknowable Divine than our physical world, and its beauty was quite Numbers by looking at the way geometric shapes related to each other,Īnd as numbers were deeply meaningful, so were the patterns emergingįrom them charged with meaning. Early geometers understood the relationships between In fact it is the veryįirst manifestation of numbers, well before shorthand symbols-1,2,3-wereĬreated for them. Geometry is nothing but numbers made visible. The north rose window in the Notre Dame cathedral, Paris.

We don't even have a word for the broad and fluid field they formed together, but we can get a feel for it by gazing at any of the many astounding works of geometric art which have survived till now, and are usually part of a sacred structure. In earlier civilizations, science (math in particular), religion, and art were not separate.